[Al-Quran 50:6-8] Have they not looked at the heaven above them - how We structured it and adorned it and how it has no rifts? And the earth - We spread it out and cast therein firmly set mountains and made grow therein [something] of every beautiful kind, Giving insight and a reminder for every servant who turns [to Allah].

Showing posts with label Magog. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Magog. Show all posts

Saturday, December 26, 2020

Gog Magog & The City that will Return

Is the Babylon of The Book of Revelation being rebuilt?! 


21:1  اقْتَرَبَ لِلنَّاسِ حِسَابُهُمْ وَهُمْ فِي غَفْلَةٍ مُّعْرِضُون

21:1  There hath approached unto mankind their reckoning, while they in neglect are turning away

...

21:95  وَحَرَامٌ عَلَىٰ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُون

21:96  حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُون

21:97  وَاقْتَرَبَ الْوَعْدُ الْحَقُّ فَإِذَا هِيَ شَاخِصَةٌ أَبْصَارُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَا وَيْلَنَا قَدْ كُنَّا فِي غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ هَٰذَا بَلْ كُنَّا ظَالِمِين

21:98  إِنَّكُمْ وَمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ أَنتُمْ لَهَا وَارِدُون

21:99  لَوْ كَانَ هَٰؤُلَاءِ آلِهَةً مَّا وَرَدُوهَا وَكُلٌّ فِيهَا خَالِدُون

21:95  And a ban is laid on every town which We have destroyed, that they Shall not return

21:96  Until when Ya'juj and Ma'juj are let out, and from every mound they are trickling down

21:97  And there shall approach the true promise; and lo! the eyes of those who disbelieved shall be staring: woe unto us! surely we have been in neglect thereof; aye! we have been the wrong-doers

21:98  Verily ye and whatsoever ye worship beside Allah shall be firewood for Hell: thereunto ye shall go down

21:99  Had these been gods, they would not have gone down thereunto; and all of them therein shall be abiders

[Al-Quran 21:1,...,95-99, Translation: Daryabadi]

Few other translations of Q21:95

21:95  وَحَرَامٌ عَلَىٰ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُون

[Dr S Shaikh, Katri and more] And (there is) prohibition upon a city which We have destroyed, that they not will return.

[Yusuf Ali] But there is a ban on any population which We have destroyed: that they shall not return

[Dr Laleh Bakhtiar] And there is a ban on the town that We caused to perish. They will not return 

[Muhammad Shafi] And an injunction against any village/town that We have destroyed: they shall not return

The reason there is a difference in the translations is because the word قَرْيَةٍ is a singular common noun. The next ayat (Q21:96) goes on to mention the condition: 

21:96  حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُون

21:96  Until when Ya'juj and Ma'juj are let out, and from every mound they are trickling down

We know from Surah al-Kahf that Gog and Magog (Ya'juj and Ma'juj), who were causing corruption, were contained behind a metal barrier by the legendary Dhu al Qarnayn. They are probably living in some cave system in some mountainous terrain. The Quran also foretells their release, and informs us that a town will return (become re-inhabited) when they are released. Among the places we read about in The Quran, one of them mentioned by name is Babylon. The world has a lot of detail about the Kingdoms of Babylon, how it flourished, how it ruled the world. Its various rulers, their beliefs and the power bestowed upon them, and when and how it was taken away. The Quran mentions Babylon in the context of the angels, the devils, and the magic being taught and learnt there: 

2:97  قُلْ مَن كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّجِبْرِيلَ فَإِنَّهُ نَزَّلَهُ عَلَىٰ قَلْبِكَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَهُدًى وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُؤْمِنِين

2:98  مَن كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِّلَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَجِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَالَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَدُوٌّ لِّلْكَافِرِين

2:99  وَلَقَدْ أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ وَمَا يَكْفُرُ بِهَا إِلَّا الْفَاسِقُون

2:100  أَوَكُلَّمَا عَاهَدُوا عَهْدًا نَّبَذَهُ فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُم بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُون

2:101  وَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ مُصَدِّقٌ لِّمَا مَعَهُمْ نَبَذَ فَرِيقٌ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَرَاءَ ظُهُورِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُون

2:102  وَاتَّبَعُوا مَا تَتْلُو الشَّيَاطِينُ عَلَىٰ مُلْكِ سُلَيْمَانَ وَمَا كَفَرَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَلَٰكِنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ وَمَا أُنزِلَ عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبَابِلَ هَارُوتَ وَمَارُوتَ وَمَا يُعَلِّمَانِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ حَتَّىٰ يَقُولَا إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ فِتْنَةٌ فَلَا تَكْفُرْ فَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْهُمَا مَا يُفَرِّقُونَ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَزَوْجِهِ وَمَا هُم بِضَارِّينَ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مَا يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلَا يَنفَعُهُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمُوا لَمَنِ اشْتَرَاهُ مَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلَاقٍ وَلَبِئْسَ مَا شَرَوْا بِهِ أَنفُسَهُمْ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُون

2:103  وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا وَاتَّقَوْا لَمَثُوبَةٌ مِّنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ لَّوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُون

2:97  Say thou: whosoever is an enemy unto Jibril, ----then verily he it is Who hath brought down this Revelation, by Allah's command, to thine heart, confirming that which went before, and a guidance and glad tidings unto the believers

2:98  Whosoever is an enemy unto Allah and His angels and His apostles and Jibril and Mikail, then verily Allah is an enemy unto the infidels

2:99  And assuredly We have sent down Unto thee evident signs,and none shall disbelieve therein save the transgressors

2:100  Is it that whenever they enter into a covenant some party among them cast it aside? Aye! most of them even believe not

2:101  And whenever there came unto them an apostle from Allah confessing to that which was with them, a Party among those who were vouchsafed the Book, cast Allah's Book behind their backs as though they knew not

2:102  And they follow that which the Satans recited in the reign of Sulaiman; and Sulaiman blasphemed not, but the Satans blasphemed.; teaching people magic; and they follow that also which was sent down unto the two angels in Babil, Harut, and Marut. Unto none the twain taught it until they had said: We are but a temptation, so blaspheme not; but they learned from the twain that wherewith they might separate man from his wife; and they could harm none thereby save by Allah's will. And they have learnt that which harmeth them, and profiteth them not; and assuredly they know that whosoever purchaseth it, his is no portion in the Hereafter. And surely vile is the price for which they have bartered themselves, if they but knew

2:103  And had they believed and feared, surely better had been the reward from before Allah, if they but knew

Babylon lies in ruins today. Is it the city mentioned in Surah al-Anbiya which will return? 

The Christian Bible mentions terrible end times, and names Babylon as the city of vice. As quoted above, The Quran mentions Babylon during the time of the righteous Solomon, and the evil magic taught and practiced there. Jewish Books record the besieging and capture of Jerusalem and Judah by the King of Babylon. The Quran mentions the destruction of their homes and their masjid (The Temple of Solomon) when they were causing corruption on Earth: 

17:4  وَقَضَيْنَا إِلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي الْكِتَابِ لَتُفْسِدُنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَلَتَعْلُنَّ عُلُوًّا كَبِيرً

17:5  فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ أُولَاهُمَا بَعَثْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ عِبَادًا لَّنَا أُولِي بَأْسٍ شَدِيدٍ فَجَاسُوا خِلَالَ الدِّيَارِ وَكَانَ وَعْدًا مَّفْعُولً

17:6  ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَا لَكُمُ الْكَرَّةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَمْدَدْنَاكُم بِأَمْوَالٍ وَبَنِينَ وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ أَكْثَرَ نَفِيرً

17:7  إِنْ أَحْسَنتُمْ أَحْسَنتُمْ لِأَنفُسِكُمْ وَإِنْ أَسَأْتُمْ فَلَهَا فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الْآخِرَةِ لِيَسُوءُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَلِيَدْخُلُوا الْمَسْجِدَ كَمَا دَخَلُوهُ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَلِيُتَبِّرُوا مَا عَلَوْا تَتْبِيرً

17:8  عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَن يَرْحَمَكُمْ وَإِنْ عُدتُّمْ عُدْنَا وَجَعَلْنَا جَهَنَّمَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ حَصِيرً

17:9  إِنَّ هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنَ يَهْدِي لِلَّتِي هِيَ أَقْوَمُ وَيُبَشِّرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا كَبِيرً


17:4  And We decreed unto the Children of Isra'il in the Book; ye will surely cause corruption in the land twice, l and ye will surely rise to a great height
17:5  Then when the promise for the first of the two came, We raised against you bondmen of Ours endued with exceeding violence, so they entered the dwellings; and it was a promise fulfilled
17:6  Thereafter We gave you a return of victory over them, and We supported you with riches and children, and We made you a numerous concourse
17:7  If ye will do well ye will do well for yourselves, and if ye will do evil it will be against the same. Then when the promise of the second came, We raised up a people that they may disgrace your faces and may enter the Mosque even as they entered it the first time, and that they may destroy with utter destruction whatsoever may fall under their power
17:8  Belike your Lord may yet have mercy on you; and if ye still revert, We will revert. And We have appointed Hell for the infidels a prison
17:9  Verily this Qur'an guideth unto that path which its sraightest and beareth glad tidings to the believers who work righteous deeds that for them shall be a hire great
[Al-Quran 17:4-9, Translation: Daryabadi

Though Jerusalem has been plundered twice, it has continued to remain a populated area. The mosqueالْمَسْجِدَ || Temple of Solomon), however, was destroyed and no longer exists. Now,  Jerusalem is being repopulated with its original people (Bani Israel), as per Q17:104. As the State of Israel has already been established in 1948, it follows that the promise has come to pass, and we are in the last times.  

The first containment of the corruption of the Bani Israel was by the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar who captured Jerusalem and Judah. He took many slaves. Among them was the Prophet Daniel by whose name The Book of Daniel is known. This book is included in both the Jewish and Christian canon. It chronicles the faith(s), dream(s), loss of, and return to, power of Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 3 and 4. In Daniel 5, Nebuchadnezzar's son King Belshazzar blasphemes and the kingdom is taken away: 

17 Then Daniel answered the king, “You may keep your gifts for yourself and give your rewards to someone else. Nevertheless, I will read the writing for the king and tell him what it means. 18 “Your Majesty, the Most High God gave your father Nebuchadnezzar sovereignty and greatness and glory and splendor. 19 Because of the high position he gave him, all the nations and peoples of every language dreaded and feared him. Those the king wanted to put to death, he put to death; those he wanted to spare, he spared; those he wanted to promote, he promoted; and those he wanted to humble, he humbled. 20 But when his heart became arrogant and hardened with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne and stripped of his glory. 21 He was driven away from people and given the mind of an animal; he lived with the wild donkeys and ate grass like the ox; and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven, until he acknowledged that the Most High God is sovereign over all kingdoms on earth and sets over them anyone he wishes. 22 “But you, Belshazzar, his son, have not humbled yourself, though you knew all this. 23 Instead, you have set yourself up against the Lord of heaven. You had the goblets from his temple brought to you, and you and your nobles, your wives and your concubines drank wine from them. You praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood and stone, which cannot see or hear or understand. But you did not honor the God who holds in his hand your life and all your ways. 24 Therefore he sent the hand that wrote the inscription. 25 “This is the inscription that was written: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, PARSIN 26 “Here is what these words mean: Mene : God has numbered the days of your reign and brought it to an end. 27 Tekel : You have been weighed on the scales and found wanting. 28 Peres : Your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.” 29 Then at Belshazzar’s command, Daniel was clothed in purple, a gold chain was placed around his neck, and he was proclaimed the third highest ruler in the kingdom. 30 That very night Belshazzar, king of the Babylonians, was slain, 31 and Darius the Mede took over the kingdom, at the age of sixty-two.

Babylon changed hands, and eventually ceased to exist. Babylon still lies in ruins. It has not been populated for centuries. Saddam Hussain tried to rebuild it. He also razed the village near it to build his palace. His palace is also in ruin. The invading army "Coalition of the Willing" inflicted further damage to the ruins. Now, UNESCO and World Monuments Fund, along with Iraqi authorities, are making efforts to restore and preserve what was erased. Is Babylon being rebuilt? 2020!   

Babil, Iraq 2005

...

A Prayer in Surah al-Mominoon

23:93  قُل رَّبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّي مَا يُوعَدُون

23:94  رَبِّ فَلَا تَجْعَلْنِي فِي الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِين

23:95  وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ أَن نُّرِيَكَ مَا نَعِدُهُمْ لَقَادِرُون

23:96  ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ السَّيِّئَةَ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَصِفُون

23:97  وَقُل رَّبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ هَمَزَاتِ الشَّيَاطِين

23:98  وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ أَن يَحْضُرُون

23:93  Say: My Lord! If Thou wilt cause me to see what they are promised,
23:94  then, assign me not, my Lord, to the folk, the ones who are unjust.
23:95  And, truly, We cause thee to see what We promise them as certainly ones who have power.
23:96  Drive thou back evil deeds with what is fairer. We are greater in knowledge of what they allege.
23:97  And say: My Lord! I take refuge with Thee from the evil suggestions of the satans.
23:98  And my Lord, I take refuge with Thee so that they not attend me.



Excerpt from Dhu al Qarnayn visited the Polar Regions? 

 ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا  
    حَتَّىٰ إِذَا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمَا قَوْمًا لَّا يَكَادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا  
   قَالُوا يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجًا عَلَىٰ أَن تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا  
    قَالَ مَا مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيْرٌ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ رَدْمًا  
   آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا سَاوَىٰ بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ قَالَ انفُخُوا ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَعَلَهُ نَارًا قَالَ آتُونِي أُفْرِغْ عَلَيْهِ قِطْرًا  
  فَمَا اسْطَاعُوا أَن يَظْهَرُوهُ وَمَا اسْتَطَاعُوا لَهُ نَقْبًا  
   قَالَ هَـٰذَا رَحْمَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّي ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ ۖ وَكَانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي حَقًّا
وَتَرَكْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَمُوجُ فِي بَعْضٍ ۖ وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَجَمَعْنَاهُمْ جَمْعًا   

[Al-Qur’an 18:92-99] [link27] [92] Then followed he (another) way, [93] Until, when he reached (a tract) between two mountains, he found, beneath them, a people who scarcely understood a word. [94] They said: "O Zul-qarnain! the Gog and Magog (People) do great mischief on earth: shall we then render thee tribute in order that thou mightest erect a barrier between us and them? [95] He said: "(The power) in which my Lord has established me is better (than tribute): Help me therefore with strength (and labour): I will erect a strong barrier between you and them:  [96] "Bring me blocks of iron." At length, when he had filled up the space between the two steep mountain-sides, He said, "Blow (with your bellows)" Then, when he had made it (red) as fire, he said: "Bring me, that I may pour over it, molten lead." [link28] [97] Thus were they made powerless to scale it or to dig through it. [98] He said: "This is a mercy from my Lord: But when the promise of my Lord comes to pass, He will make it into dust; and the promise of my Lord is true." [99] On that day We shall leave them to surge like waves on one another: the trumpet will be blown, and We shall collect them all together.

The third place Dhu al Qarnayn arrives at is distinguished by the facts that it is between two mountains or barriersthe people did not have understanding or knowledge, they were suffering due to Gog and Magog, who did great mischief on Earthiron was used and another element was poured over it, the opening was sealed, thereby making them powerless to scale or dig through it.

Space between two barriers?
The word used is ‘alssaddayni’ [root: s-d-d] meaning two barriers. Since the word j-b-l has been used elsewhere in the Qur’an when speaking of mountains, and s-d-d has been used for barrier, hence it is reasonable to assume that here also two barriers are being referred to, and not two mountains.

Who scarcely understood a word? 
‘yafqahoona’ root f-q-h: to possess fiqh means to possess understanding, and knowledge, and intelligence, and especially knowledge of the law. [29] ‘la yakadoona yafqahoona qawlan’ or ‘who scarcely understood a word’ implies, I suppose, that these people were primitive in the sense that they were not organized in terms of religion or society, or were lawless/unable to follow the law/suffering lawlessness (due to terrorism?). The former follows from the fact that these people are in isolation between two barriers, while the latter follows from the fact that, in the subsequent verses, they converse with Dhu al Qarnayn, tell him about the mischief being created by Gog and Magog, request a barrier from them, and also offer tribute for the building of such a barrier. Furthermore, they were also able to bring (mine?) iron and lead or copper alloy, as well as provide the labour.  

Barriers against whom?
Barriers are meant to prevent something or someone from crossing over, i.e. entering or leaving, as the case may be. Dhu al Qarnayn was able to reach this place, thus these barriers did not keep him out. Perhaps, and this is pure speculation, these barriers were not meant to keep out the people on Earth, but rather were meant to seal a ‘portal’ to keep out ‘aliens’ from the sky or below Earth from reaching the Earth’s surface?

Filled between the ‘l-ṣadafayni’?
‘l-ṣadafayni’ is the dual form of the noun with root s-d-f, meaning mother of pearl as well as two tall structures meeting together or facing each other. [30] I assume then that this was a portal or a breached barrier that needed to be sealed.

Iron covered with molten Copper alloy or Lead? Powerless to scale or dig through it?
Sheets or blocks of Iron were placed to construct/repair the barrier. Then, it was coated with another material, probably to reinforce it and prevent rusting, thus giving it a smooth finish and making it impenetrable.

The word used for this coating material is ‘qitra’, which has been variously translated as Copper[31], Brass[32] and Lead. [33]  The same word has been used for the spring of molten liquid that was made available to Solomon. [34] (Interestingly, Iron was made pliable for his father, David. [35]) 

Gog and Magog, who did Great Mischief on Earth?
There is mention of and references to these in ancient scriptures and related works. [36] Some have identified them with a particular place/race, while others do not identify them with a particular place or race on Earth. Notable among them is the Hindu mythology, according to which they are hidden from human realm and are probably subterranean. [37] [38]

Legends and adventure stories[39] also abound about the inner Earth, of creatures/people dwelling within the Earth. Though modern science refutes ideas about a hollow earth, if there is any figment of truth to any of these accounts, then it is a wonder why we humans have not been able to dig through or find a way to their subterranean civilization, or why they haven’t been able to reach up to the Earth’s surface, unless there exists a natural barrier with only one opening, which was sealed by Dhu al Qarnayn.

Until the Promise comes to Pass?
In the Quran, this expected event is mentioned twice: in Chapter 18 (as quoted above), and in Chapter 21, Verse 96, ‘Until when [the dam of] Gog and Magog has been opened and they, from every elevation, descend,’ [40]

... 


Excerpt from The Case against the Bani Israel

Gathered Together 
Towards the end of the surah, the proofs that were being demanded from Prophet Muhammad ﷺ regarding his ascension are quoted. The surah includes the following remarks about the Bani Israel among its last few ayaat: 

وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ تِسْعَ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ فَاسْأَلْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ جَاءَهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ فِرْعَوْنُ إِنِّي لَأَظُنُّكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ مَسْحُورًا
قَالَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا أَنزَلَ هَٰؤُلَاءِ إِلَّا رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ بَصَائِرَ وَإِنِّي لَأَظُنُّكَ يَا فِرْعَوْنُ مَثْبُورًا
فَأَرَادَ أَن يَسْتَفِزَّهُم مِّنَ الْأَرْضِ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُ وَمَن مَّعَهُ جَمِيعًا
وَقُلْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اسْكُنُوا الْأَرْضَ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الْآخِرَةِ جِئْنَا بِكُمْ لَفِيفًا
وَبِالْحَقِّ أَنزَلْنَاهُ وَبِالْحَقِّ نَزَلَ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا مُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا

And verily We gave unto Moses nine tokens, clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty). Do but ask the Children of Israel how he came unto them, then Pharaoh said unto him: Lo! I deem thee one bewitched, O Moses.
He said: In truth thou knowest that none sent down these (portents) save the Lord of the heavens and the earth as proofs, and lo! (for my part) I deem thee lost, O Pharaoh.
And he wished to scare them from the land, but We drowned him and those with him, all together.
And We said unto the Children of Israel after him: Dwell in the land; but when the promise of the Hereafter cometh to pass We shall bring you as a crowd gathered out of various nations.
With truth have We sent it down, and with truth hath it descended. And We have sent thee as naught else save a bearer of good tidings and a warner. 
[Al-Quran 17:101-105, Translation: M. M. Pickthal] 

... 


Excerpt from The Oaths in Surah alFajr 

The Dawn  

وَالْفَجْرِ
  
By the dawn,
[Al-Quran 89:1]


إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُّبَارَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنذِرِينَ

Indeed, We revealed it in a Night Blessed flourishing. Indeed, We [We] are (ever) warning.
[Al-Quran 44:3; Translation edited for clarity in italics]


سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّىٰ مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ

Peace it (is) until (the) emergence (of) the dawn.
[Al-Quran 97:5

Fajr is the time before sunrise, when the darkness of the night begins to dissipate. Surah al-Qadr,  informs us that The Quran was sent in the night of al-Qadr. Its last ayat (97:5) informs us that there is peace until dawn (الْفَجْرِ) . The root ف ج ر occurs 24 times in The Quran in words translated as: gush forth, wicked, wickedness, abundance and dawn.

The Book of Daniel is included in both Jewish and Christian canon. The Jews have it as part of the Ketuvim (Writings), while the Christians have it in The Prophets in the Old Testament. It prophesies end-time events. There are many reservations about the Book of Daniel among Jewish and Christian readers, especially the Jews.

Among the end-time events, The Quran prophesies:
(i) an announcement of war by Allah and His Messenger to those who continue to indulge in usury [ref Q2:278-279]
(ii) the Hour & the recompense, the evil burden of those who turn away from The Quran, the Day the Horn will be blown, the blue-eyed criminals, the passing away of the mountains, ...  [ref Q20:14-16, Q20:100-114]
(iii) the release and swarming return of Yajuj and Majuj, known for their corruption, who were contained behind a metallic barrier by Dhu al Qarnayn [ref Q18:98-99, Q21:96]
(iv) the rise of a creature from the Earth, speaking with humans, because the people did not believe in Allah's ayaat / signs [ref Q27:82]

Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, the seal of the prophets, is the most definite sign of the beginning of end-time prophecies. In Surah Muhammad it states:

فَهَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّا السَّاعَةَ أَن تَأْتِيَهُم بَغْتَةً فَقَدْ جَاءَ أَشْرَاطُهَا فَأَنَّىٰ لَهُمْ إِذَا جَاءَتْهُمْ ذِكْرَاهُمْ

فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنبِكَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مُتَقَلَّبَكُمْ وَمَثْوَاكُمْ 

Then do they wait but (for) the Hour that it should come to them suddenly? But indeed, have come its indications. Then how to them when has come to them their reminder.
So know that [He] - (there is) no god but Allah and ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and the believing women. And Allah knows your movement and your resting places.
[Al-Quran 47:18-19
...


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Last updated on December 29, 2020


Monday, June 9, 2014

Dhu al Qarnayn visited the Polar Regions?



The story of Dhu al Qarnayn is briefly mentioned in eighteenth surah of The Quran, ayaat 83 – 98. The Quran mentions his name/title, and without going into the details of his person or his people,  informs us that he was established in power and had the means to all ends, and thus was able to travel everywhere on Earth

The ayaat about Dhu al Qarnayn’s travels have been variously interpreted, yet continue to perplex many Muslims. These ayaat have also been used by non-Muslims to point out factual inaccuracies in The Quran.  Based upon what we know of the polar regions of the Earth, I think that the first two travels were to the North and South Pole respectively. I’ve also attempted to understand the third travel. My reasoning is as follows: 


Who was Dhu al Qarnayn?

وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَن ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ ۖ قُلْ سَأَتْلُو عَلَيْكُم مِّنْهُ ذِكْرًا

[Al-Quran 18:83, Translator: Mohammad Sarwar] (Muhammad), they will ask you about Dhu 'l-Qarnayn. Say, "I shall tell you something about him".

‘Dhu al Qarnayn’ is the name or the title/attribute of this person. 

The Quran uses the word قَرْنٍ to generally mean generations. Variations of the root ق ر ن also lend meaning to words for companion, bound together, capable, accompanying. Of the twenty-three times it is used as the noun qarn (قَرْن), twenty are translated as generation(s), and thrice is it used for the name of the person ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ mentioned in Surah al-Kahf (Q18:83, 86, 94). More on this at: Dhul-Qarnayn [two horns, two generations, or both] 

One of the meanings of ‘q-r-n’ in Lane’s Lexicon is ‘The part of the head of a human being which in an animal is the place where the horn grows’. ‘Qarnayn’ is the dual form of the noun. Various commentators have interpreted ‘Dhu al Qarnayn’ as the ‘Lord of the Two Horns’ or ‘Possessor of the Two Horns’. 

Based on my interpretation of the subsequent verses, I think Dhu al Qarnayn probably means Lord / Conqueror of the Two Poles, i.e. the polar regions of the Earth, except that he already had this title on the first visit described, as he is being addressed as 'Ya Dha al Qarnain'. However, since he is being addressed by the author of the story, it is also plausible that he was already destined to be the Lord / Conqueror of the Two Poles.


So, may be it means all of the above. 

To continue exploring other details in the subsequent ayaat:  


إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَآتَيْنَاهُ مِن كُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَبَبًا

[Al-Qur’an 18:84, Translator: Mohammad Sarwar] We had given him great power in the land and all kinds of resources.

According to this ayat, Dhu al Qarnayn must be a legendary person who was established in power and resources, and could reach anywhere on Earth. The last word: ‘sababun’ is variously translated as ‘resources’, ‘road’, ‘way’, ‘ways and means’, ‘means of access’. The Quran seems to use this word in the context of travel in the sky (air or space travel), such as the Pharaoh commissioning the building of صَرْحًا to travel the skies, as in Q40:36 in this screenshot: 

Screenshot from corpus.quran.com

Most of the polar regions of the Earth are inaccessible by land routes. Ships and planes are required to reach most locations. Helicopters and sea planes are the most commonly used modes of travel to connect settlements in present times. 

The subsequent ayaat of Surah al-Kahf go on to describe three specific travels described by some unique distinguishing features. Do we know of any such places? 

First Travel 


 فَأَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا    
   حَتَّىٰ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَغْرُبُ فِي عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَوَجَدَ عِندَهَا قَوْمًا ۗ قُلْنَا يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّا أَن تُعَذِّبَ وَإِمَّا أَن تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْنًا  
    قَالَ أَمَّا مَن ظَلَمَ فَسَوْفَ نُعَذِّبُهُ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ عَذَابًا نُّكْرًا  
  وَأَمَّا مَنْ آمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَهُ جَزَاءً الْحُسْنَىٰ ۖ وَسَنَقُولُ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِنَا يُسْرًا  

[Al-Quran 18:85-88, Translator: Yusuf Ali]
85 One (such) way he followed, 
86 Until, when he reached the setting of the sun, he found it set in a spring of murky water: Near it he found a People: We said: "O Zul-qarnain! (thou hast authority,) either to punish them, or to treat them with kindness." 
87 He said: "Whoever doth wrong, him shall we punish; then shall he be sent back to his Lord; and He will punish him with a punishment unheard-of (before). [88] "But whoever believes, and works righteousness,- he shall have a goodly reward, and easy will be his task as We order it by our Command."

This place is described by the following facts: 
  1. the Sun is setting, 
  2. what it is setting in, 
  3. people dwell near there, and 
  4. Dhu al Qarnayn has authority over them.

Disappearing or Setting Sun?
The phrase used is ‘magrib-e-shams’ which can also be interpreted as ‘western Sun’ or ‘disappearing Sun’.

The polar regions of the Earth experience a six-month long day followed by a six-month long night. At the North Pole, ‘In summertime, the sun is always above the horizon at the North Pole, circling the Pole once every day. It is highest in the sky at the Summer Solstice, after which it moves closer to the horizon, until it sinks below the horizon, at the Fall Equinox.’ [1]

Hence, if the North Pole is visited during the few weeks before Fall Equinox, the Sun is in the process of disappearing or setting.

What does the Sun appear to be disappearing in?
‘ainin hamee-atin’ is variously translated as a well or warm spring, or spring with foul fetid mud [2], murky waters, dark mud, and so on [3].

There is no land at the North Pole. ‘The Arctic consists of ocean that is largely surrounded by land. As such, the climate of much of the Arctic is moderated by the ocean water, which can never have a temperature below −2 °C (28 °F).’ [4] 

The lands near the North Pole, in the Arctic Circle, are known for hot springs and geysers, with muddy water spewing out of some [5] [6] [7] [8]. However, such places are also there near the South Pole, though perhaps lesser in number or less discovered [10] [11] [12]. Therefore, hot springs and geysers may not be a uniquely distinguishing feature of the North Pole from the South Pole. Hence, I’m inclined to think that ‘ainin hamee-atin’ refers to the warm waters of the Arctic Ocean.  

Near it he found a people?
The key word is ‘near it’. There are many lands in the Arctic Circle near the Arctic Ocean, where people dwell [13].


[14]

Wikipedia  [15]
European Space Agency [16]

Hence, based upon the three key features: disappearing Sun, warm waters and people near it, I think the only place on Earth that exhibits all three features is the North Pole and the region surrounding it, i.e. the Arctic. 

-------------------------------

Second Travel 


  ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا    
  حَتَّىٰ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَطْلِعَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَطْلُعُ عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍ لَّمْ نَجْعَل لَّهُم مِّن دُونِهَا سِتْرًا    

[Al-Qur’an 18:89-90, Translator: Yusuf Ali] 
89 Then followed he (another) way, 
90 Until, when he came to the rising of the sun, he found it rising on a people for whom We had provided no covering protection against the sun.
  
كَذَ‌ٰلِكَ وَقَدْ أَحَطْنَا بِمَا لَدَيْهِ خُبْرًا

[Al-Qur’an 18:91, Translator: Pickthall] 
91 So (it was). And We knew all concerning him.

The second place is described by three facts: 
  1. that the Sun is rising, 
  2. there are people dwelling there, so it is a land and 
  3. that there is no protection from the Sun, followed by the claim that ‘We knew all...’.

Appearing or Rising Sun?
When there is day in the Northern hemisphere, it is night in the Southern hemisphere.  When the sun finally disappears below the horizon at the North Pole at Autumn Equinox, and the six-month long night starts there, the Sun rises above the horizon at the South Pole, commencing the six-month long day at the South Pole.

People dwelling there? Land?

[33]

We know that there is land at the South Pole, i.e. the continent of Antarctica. Though only research teams stay at Antarctica now [17], however, we cannot rule out if people ever did or did not live in the continent of Antarctica. There do exist some old maps which indicate a warm climate for Antarctica.      

What do we know about natural protection from the Sun?
We know that the ozone layer in the atmosphere is a natural protection from the Sun’s harmful rays. We also know that every Antarctic spring, there is a large hole formed in the ozone layer over most of Antarctica.

“The Antarctic Ozone Hole was discovered ... Satellite measurements then confirmed that the springtime ozone loss was a continent-wide feature... The ozone hole is formed each year in the Southern Hemisphere spring (September-November) when there is a sharp decline (currently up to 60%) in the total ozone over most of Antarctica.” [18] 

“The severe depletion of the Antarctic ozone layer known as the “ozone hole” occurs because of the special atmospheric and chemical conditions that exist there and nowhere else on the globe” [19] 

[20]

The ozone depletion over the North Pole is a recent phenomenon, caused due to ‘human’ reasons. Hence, based upon the three key natural features: rising Sun, land and no protection from the Sun, I think the only place on Earth that exhibits all three features is the South Pole and the region surrounding it, i.e. the Antarctic Circle.

-------------------------------

Third Travel 



 ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا  
    حَتَّىٰ إِذَا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمَا قَوْمًا لَّا يَكَادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا  
   قَالُوا يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجًا عَلَىٰ أَن تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا  
    قَالَ مَا مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيْرٌ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ رَدْمًا  
   آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا سَاوَىٰ بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ قَالَ انفُخُوا ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَعَلَهُ نَارًا قَالَ آتُونِي أُفْرِغْ عَلَيْهِ قِطْرًا  
  فَمَا اسْطَاعُوا أَن يَظْهَرُوهُ وَمَا اسْتَطَاعُوا لَهُ نَقْبًا  
   قَالَ هَـٰذَا رَحْمَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّي ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ ۖ وَكَانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي حَقًّا
وَتَرَكْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَمُوجُ فِي بَعْضٍ ۖ وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَجَمَعْنَاهُمْ جَمْعًا   

[Al-Qur’an 18:92-99, Translator: Yusuf Ali] 
92 Then followed he (another) way, 
93 Until, when he reached (a tract) between two mountains, he found, beneath them, a people who scarcely understood a word. 
94 They said: "O Zul-qarnain! the Gog and Magog (People) do great mischief on earth: shall we then render thee tribute in order that thou mightest erect a barrier between us and them? 
95 He said: "(The power) in which my Lord has established me is better (than tribute): Help me therefore with strength (and labour): I will erect a strong barrier between you and them:  
96 "Bring me blocks of iron." At length, when he had filled up the space between the two steep mountain-sides, He said, "Blow (with your bellows)" Then, when he had made it (red) as fire, he said: "Bring me, that I may pour over it, molten lead." [compare translations of Q18:96] 
97 Thus were they made powerless to scale it or to dig through it. 
98 He said: "This is a mercy from my Lord: But when the promise of my Lord comes to pass, He will make it into dust; and the promise of my Lord is true." 
99 On that day We shall leave them to surge like waves on one another: the trumpet will be blown, and We shall collect them all together.

The third place Dhu al Qarnayn arrives at is distinguished by the facts that:
  1. it is between two mountains or barriers
  2. the people did not have understanding or knowledge
  3. they were suffering due to Gog and Magog, who did great mischief on Earth
  4. iron was used and another element was poured over it, the opening was sealed, thereby making them powerless to scale or dig through it.

Space between two barriers?
The word used is ‘alssaddayni’ [root: s-d-d] meaning two barriers. Since the word j-b-l has been used elsewhere in the Qur’an when speaking of mountains, and s-d-d has been used for barrier, hence it is reasonable to assume that here also two barriers are being referred to, and not two mountains.

Who scarcely understood a word? 
‘yafqahoona’ root f-q-h: to possess fiqh means to possess understanding, and knowledge, and intelligence, and especially knowledge of the law [21]. ‘la yakadoona yafqahoona qawlan’ or ‘who scarcely understood a word’ implies, I suppose, that these people were primitive in the sense that they were not organized in terms of religion or society, or were lawless/unable to follow the law/suffering lawlessness (due to terrorism?). The former follows from the fact that these people are in isolation between two barriers, while the latter follows from the fact that, in the subsequent ayaat, they converse with Dhu al Qarnayn, tell him about the mischief being created by Gog and Magog, request a barrier from them, and also offer tribute for the building of such a barrier. Furthermore, they were also able to bring (mine?) iron, and lead or copper alloy, as well as provide the labour.  

Barriers against whom?
Barriers are meant to prevent something or someone from crossing over, i.e. entering or leaving, as the case may be. Dhu al Qarnayn was able to reach this place, thus these barriers did not keep him out. Perhaps, and this is pure speculation, these barriers were not meant to keep out the people on Earth, but rather were meant to seal a ‘portal’ to keep out ‘aliens’ from the sky or below Earth from reaching the Earth’s surface?  

Filled between the ‘l-ṣadafayni’?
‘l-ṣadafayni’ is the dual form of the noun with root s-d-f, meaning mother of pearl as well as two tall structures meeting together or facing each other. [22] I assume then that this was a portal or a breached barrier that needed to be sealed.

Iron covered with molten Copper alloy or Lead? Powerless to scale or dig through it?
Sheets or blocks of Iron were placed to construct/repair the barrier. Then, it was coated with another material, probably to reinforce it and prevent rusting, thus giving it a smooth finish and making it impenetrable.

The word used for this coating material is ‘qitra’, which has been variously translated as Copper [23], Brass [24] and Lead [25].  The same word has been used for the spring of molten liquid that was made available to Solomon [26]. (Interestingly, Iron was made pliable for his father, David [27]) 

Gog and Magog, who did Great Mischief on Earth?
There is mention of and references to these in ancient scriptures and related works [28]. Some have identified them with a particular place/race, while others do not identify them with a particular place or race on Earth. Notable among them is the Hindu mythology, according to which they are hidden from human realm and are probably subterranean [29] [30]

Legends and adventure stories [31] also abound about the inner Earth, of creatures/people dwelling within the Earth. Though modern science refutes ideas about a hollow earth, if there is any figment of truth to any of these accounts, then it is a wonder why we humans have not been able to dig through or find a way to their subterranean civilization, or why they haven’t been able to reach up to the Earth’s surface, unless there exists a natural barrier with only one opening, which was sealed by Dhu al Qarnayn.

Until the Promise comes to Pass?
In The Quran, this expected event is mentioned twice: in Surah 18 (as quoted above), and in Surah 21, ayat 96, ‘Until when [the dam of] Gog and Magog has been opened and they, from every elevation, descend,’ [32]. More on this at: Gog Magog & The City that will Return.  


and Allah ﷻ knows best. 





References & Links 
note [Update 2022]: this blogpost was initially written in 2014, the related references and links' list was compiled ; since then some of the links provided below may no longer be active now  

[21] Lane’s Lexicon Page 2429 
[22] Lane’s Lexicon Page 1666 
[33] Attribution: By TUBS - Own workThis image was created with Adobe Illustrator.This file was uploaded with Commonist. This vector image includes elements that have been taken or adapted from this:  Antarctica (orthographic projection).svg (by TownDown)., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14959356 




Last updated on June 30, 2025