[Al-Quran 50:6-8] Have they not looked at the heaven above them - how We structured it and adorned it and how it has no rifts? And the earth - We spread it out and cast therein firmly set mountains and made grow therein [something] of every beautiful kind, Giving insight and a reminder for every servant who turns [to Allah].

Saturday, May 28, 2022

The Clothing that Covers

 Al-Quran, 2:187 

أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَائِكُمْ ۚ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَّهُنَّ ۗ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْتَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنكُمْ ۖ فَالْآنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ۚ وَكُلُواوَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيَامَ إِلَىاللَّيْلِ ۚ وَلَا تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ ۗ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَقْرَبُوهَا ۗ كَذَ‌ٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ آيَاتِهِلِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ

It has been made permissible for you the night preceding fasting to go to your wives [for sexual relations]. They are clothing for you and you are clothing for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and forgave you. So now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset. And do not have relations with them as long as you are staying for worship in the mosques. These are the limits [set by] Allah, so do not approach them. Thus does Allah make clear His ordinances to the people that they may become righteous. 

[Arabic & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=2&translator=29&show_arabic=1

In the passage which enjoins fasting, Q2:183-188, The Quran ayat 187 describes the believers and their women as clothing for each other, granting permission to mate during the night in between the day-long fasts. In Surah al-Furqan, the night is also described as a clothing which covers: 

Al-Quran, 25:47 

وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ لِبَاسًا وَالنَّوْمَ سُبَاتًا وَجَعَلَ النَّهَارَ نُشُورًا

And it is He who has made the night for you as clothing and sleep [a means for] rest and has made the day a resurrection

[Arabic  & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=25&translator=29&show_arabic=1]


Clothing has been bestowed upon us. It is from the Signs of Allah. The purpose is to conceal and to beautify: 

26

يَا بَنِي آدَمَ قَدْ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ لِبَاسًا يُوَارِي سَوْآتِكُمْ وَرِيشًا ۖ وَلِبَاسُ التَّقْوَىٰ ذَ‌ٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ ۚ ذَ‌ٰلِكَ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ

O children of Adam, We have bestowed upon you clothing to conceal your private parts and as adornment. But the clothing of righteousness - that is best. That is from the signs of Allah that perhaps they will remember

[Arabic  & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=7&translator=29&show_arabic=1

The primary purpose of clothing (لِبَاسٌ) is to conceal (يُوَارِي). 

Clothing conceals by covering up. The word (غْشِي) is translated as cover, as in the following ayaat of Surah al-Araf: 

54

إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ وَالنُّجُومَ مُسَخَّرَاتٍ بِأَمْرِهِ ۗ أَلَا لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَالْأَمْرُ ۗ تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ

Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and earth in six days and then established Himself above the Throne. He covers the night with the day, [another night] chasing it rapidly; and [He created] the sun, the moon, and the stars, subjected by His command. Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allah, Lord of the worlds

[Arabic  & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=7&translator=29&show_arabic=1


… 

189

هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا لِيَسْكُنَ إِلَيْهَا ۖ فَلَمَّا تَغَشَّاهَا حَمَلَتْ حَمْلًا خَفِيفًا فَمَرَّتْ بِهِ ۖ فَلَمَّا أَثْقَلَت دَّعَوَا اللَّهَ رَبَّهُمَا لَئِنْ آتَيْتَنَا صَالِحًا لَّنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ

It is He who created you from one soul and created from it its mate that he might dwell in security with her. And when he covers her, she carries a light burden and continues therein. And when it becomes heavy, they both invoke Allah, their Lord, "If You should give us a good [child], we will surely be among the grateful."

[Arabic  & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=7&translator=29&show_arabic=1


Allah is Noor of the heavens and earth. He can see everyone and everything. Nothing is concealed from Him. So, it is not surprising that it’s an ayat in Surah Al-Noor that informs us of the times of undress: 

58

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِيَسْتَأْذِنكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنكُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ۚ مِّن قَبْلِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِن بَعْدِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ ۚ ثَلَاثُ عَوْرَاتٍ لَّكُمْ ۚ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا عَلَيْهِمْ جُنَاحٌ بَعْدَهُنَّ ۚ طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيْكُم بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ كَذَ‌ٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ

O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess and those who have not [yet] reached puberty among you ask permission of you [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer and when you put aside your clothing [for rest] at noon and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them beyond these [periods], for they continually circulate among you - some of you, among others. Thus does Allah make clear to you the verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise

[Arabic  & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=24&translator=29&show_arabic=1



Online Resources 

Quran word search 

https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=lbs#(2:187:9) 

https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=lyl#(2:187:47) 

https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=g$w#(7:189:13) 











Thursday, May 26, 2022

Fabric of Spacetime

Al-Quran, 2:187

أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَائِكُمْ ۚ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَّهُنَّ ۗ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْتَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنكُمْ ۖ فَالْآنَ بَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَابْتَغُوا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ ۚ وَكُلُواوَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيَامَ إِلَىاللَّيْلِ ۚ وَلَا تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ ۗ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَقْرَبُوهَا ۗ كَذَ‌ٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ آيَاتِهِلِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ

It has been made permissible for you the night preceding fasting to go to your wives [for sexual relations]. They are clothing for you and you are clothing for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and forgave you. So now, have relations with them and seek that which Allah has decreed for you. And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the sunset. And do not have relations with them as long as you are staying for worship in the mosques. These are the limits [set by] Allah, so do not approach them. Thus does Allah make clear His ordinances to the people that they may become righteous. 

[Arabic & translation from: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=2&translator=29&show_arabic=1]

… 

In the passage which enjoin fasting, Q2:183-188, The Quran ayat 187 describes the beginning of dawn as the separation of the white thread from the blackness of the night, as if the Day and Night is some kind of fabric

Also, noteworthy is the term ‘becomes distinct to you’, as it is our limitation that we are able to see only in the narrow bandwidth of the electromagnetic spectrum. As mentioned in another post, if we could see in the gamma bandwidth, there would be no dark place, and everything would be visible.  

The Quran elsewhere also describes darkness as pieces of night which cover … relevant ayat in the post The Night: A Sign! 

The following is a pictorial representation of the difference between day, night, and the transition period: 

Attribution: WikiMedia Commons; Author: TWCarlson; Description: A schematic depicting the daily periods of twilight and the difference between sunrise/sunset and dawn/dusk. The angles and the size of the sun are not to scale. 

Thus, as perceived by the many humans, there is the darkness of the night, and then there are the two transition zones known as twilight, and the visible day. 

Dawn begins with the morning twilight when the thread of white becomes clearly distinct from the darkness of the night. 

… 

Day & Night 

The Quran repeatedly mentions day and night as two signs. The following table is a part of a much longer table which lists the ayaat where night (اللَّيْلِ) is mentioned: 

2:164:7) al-layliof the nightإِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِوَالنَّهَارِ
(2:187:47) al-laylithe nightثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا الصِّيَامَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ
(2:274:4) bi-al-layliby nightالَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ
(3:27:2) al-laylathe nightتُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ
(3:27:8) al-laylithe nightوَتُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ
(3:113:12) al-layli(of) the nightيَتْلُونَ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ
(3:190:7) al-layli(of) the nightإِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِوَالنَّهَارِ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ
(6:13:5) al-laylithe nightوَلَهُ مَا سَكَنَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
(6:60:4) bi-al-layliby the nightوَهُوَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا جَرَحْتُمْ بِالنَّهَارِ
(6:76:4) al-layluthe nightفَلَمَّا جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ رَأَىٰ كَوْكَبًا قَالَ هَٰذَا رَبِّي
(6:96:4) al-laylathe nightفَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ سَكَنًا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ حُسْبَانًا
(7:54:16) al-laylathe nightثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا
(10:6:4) al-layli(of) the nightإِنَّ فِي اخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَّقُونَ

… 

[Source: https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=lyl#(2:164:7)]

The following is the beginning of the table listing day (النَّهَارِ). Evidently, day and night are paired, and day is generally mentioned  alongside the night (اللَّيْلِ): 

(2:164:8) wal-nahāriand the dayإِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ
(2:274:5) wal-nahāriand dayالَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً
(3:27:4) l-nahārithe dayتُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ
(3:27:6) l-nahārathe dayوَتُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ
(3:72:13) l-nahāri(of) the dayآمِنُوا بِالَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَجْهَ النَّهَارِ
(3:190:8) wal-nahāriand the dayإِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ
(6:13:6) wal-nahāriand the dayوَلَهُ مَا سَكَنَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
(6:60:8) bil-nahāriby the dayوَهُوَ الَّذِي يَتَوَفَّاكُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا جَرَحْتُمْ بِالنَّهَارِ
(7:54:17) l-nahāra(with) the dayثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا
(10:6:5) wal-nahāriand the dayإِنَّ فِي اخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَّقُونَ
(10:24:32) nahāran(by) dayأَتَاهَا أَمْرُنَا لَيْلًا أَوْ نَهَارًا فَجَعَلْنَاهَا حَصِيدًا
(10:45:9) l-nahārithe dayوَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ كَأَنْ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِيَتَعَارَفُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ

… 

[Source: https://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=nhr#(3:27:4)

—————— 

The Sky: a ceiling 

Al-Quran, Surah al-Baqarah 

22

الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْأَرْضَ فِرَاشًا وَالسَّمَاءَ بِنَاءً وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَخْرَجَ بِهِ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ رِزْقًا لَّكُمْ ۖ فَلَا تَجْعَلُوا لِلَّهِ أَندَادًا وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ

[He] who made for you the earth a bed [spread out] and the sky a ceiling and sent down from the sky, rain and brought forth thereby fruits as provision for you. So do not attribute to Allah equals while you know [that there is nothing similar to Him]

… 

164

إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِي تَجْرِي فِي الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِن مَّاءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ

Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and earth, and the alternation of the night and the day, and the [great] ships which sail through the sea with that which benefits people, and what Allah has sent down from the heavens of rain, giving life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and dispersing therein every [kind of] moving creature, and [His] directing of the winds and the clouds controlled between the heaven and the earth are signs for a people who use reason 

[Arabic & Translation: https://www.searchtruth.com/chapter_display.php?chapter=2&translator=29&show_arabic=1 ] 

According to Wikipedia, Spacetime, copied here on 26 May 2022: 

In physicsspacetime is a mathematical model that combines the three dimensions of space and one dimension of time into a single four-dimensionalmanifoldSpacetime diagrams can be used to visualize relativistic effects, such as why different observers perceive differently where and when events occur. … 

… In the context of special relativity, time cannot be separated from the three dimensions of space, because the observed rate at which time passes for an object depends on the object's velocity relative to the observer. General relativity also provides an explanation of how gravitational fields can slow the passage of time for an object as seen by an observer outside the field. … 

… Mathematically, spacetime is a manifold, which is to say, it appears locally "flat" near each point in the same way that, at small enough scales, a globe appears flat.[5] … 

End Quote 

———————  

Time 

If Spacetime is a fabric, then logically time is a local phenomenon, which cannot be separated from the dimensions of space. 

To help imagine how it might be, here’s a diagram from Wikipedia’s Spacetime page quoted above: 

[Image Wikipedia commons link: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Observer_in_special_relativity.svg/480px-Observer_in_special_relativity.svg.png

Allah has provided the phases of the moon to help us observe and keep count of the months and years. More on this at Wronging the Nafs -III (The Calendar) and The Case for The Lunar Calendar

—————— 

The following is an excerpt from an earlier post: Creation

Fabric of Space-Time  



وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ

[Al-Qur’an Chapter 51:7, Translator: Sahih International] By the heaven containing pathways, 

The word ‘hubuka’ is generally translated as pathways, as in the translation above. However, the word also means woven fabric, and seems aptly employed in this ayat to convey the idea of the ‘fabric of space-time. Some translators have used the meaning of fabric in their translations, such as: 

[Al-Qur’an Chapter 51:7, Translator: Muhammad Mahmoud Ghali] And (by) the heaven comprising interwoven tracks
[Al-Qur’an Chapter 51:7, Translator: Talal A. Itani (new translation)] By the sky that is woven.
[Al-Qur’an Chapter 51:7, Translator: [The Monotheist Group] (2013 Edition)] By the heaven that is woven  

—————— 


… 

….