Creation & Resurrection (DRAFT)
بدء الخليقة
1 فِي الْبَدْءِ خَلَقَ اللهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ، 2 وَإِذْ كَانَتِ الأَرْضُ مُشَوَّشَةً وَمُقْفِرَةً وَتَكْتَنِفُ الظُّلْمَةُ وَجْهَ الْمِيَاهِ، وَإِذْ كَانَ رُوحُ اللهِ يُرَفْرِفُ عَلَى سَطْحِ الْمِيَاهِ، 3 أَمَرَ اللهُ: «لِيَكُنْ نُورٌ». فَصَارَ نُورٌ، 4 وَرَأَى اللهُ النُّورَ فَاسْتَحْسَنَهُ وَفَصَلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الظَّلامِ. 5 وَسَمَّى اللهُ النُّورَ نَهَاراً، أَمَّا الظَّلامُ فَسَمَّاهُ لَيْلاً. وَهَكَذَا جَاءَ مَسَاءٌ أَعْقَبَهُ صَبَاحٌ، فَكَانَ الْيَوْمَ الأَوَّلَ.
6 ثُمَّ أَمَرَ اللهُ: «لِيَكُنْ جَلَدٌ يَحْجُزُ بَيْنَ مِيَاهٍ وَمِيَاهٍ». 7 فَخَلَقَ اللهُ الْجَلَدَ، وَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمِيَاهِ الَّتِي تَحْمِلُهَا السُّحُبُ وَالْمِيَاهِ الَّتِي تَغْمُرُ الأَرْضَ. وَهَكَذَا كَانَ. 8 وَسَمَّى اللهُ الْجَلَدَ سَمَاءً. ثُمَّ جَاءَ مَسَاءٌ أَعْقَبَهُ صَبَاحٌ فَكَانَ الْيَوْمَ الثَّانِي.
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.
3 And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
6 And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water.” 7 So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so. 8 God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.
[Genesis 1 1-8, Translation: NIV]
In the Bible, at the beginning, on the first day, when Allah ﷻ began creating the skies and earth, there was darkness (الظُّلْمَةُ ) over the surface of the water on the Earth. Allah ﷻ commanded there to be a special kind of light called Nur (نُورٌ). We miss this in translations. Allah ﷻ named the Nur day (نَهَاراً), and He ﷻ named the darkness night (لَيْلاً). And that was the evening (مَسَاءٌ) and morning (صَبَاحٌ): the first day (الْيَوْمَ ). And He ﷻ continues the process of creation for six evenings and six mornings: the six days of creation.
Then, according to The Quran, He ﷻ ascends His Throne, decrees His Laws, and starts governing His creation.
The Jews and the Muslims count their days from sunset to sunset. That is the evening precedes the morning.
We tend to confuse the light (نُورٌ) of the day (نَهَاراً) with the light of the Sun (ضِيَآءً), even though the greater and lesser lights / luminaries (Sun and Moon) were created on the fourth day of creation, to distinguish between the night and day, and to make calculations for time and for seasons. The Arabic translation of the Bible uses the word (أَنْوَارٌ) for these two lights. However, The Quran states that the Sun has been appointed as a (ضِيَآءً), and the moon as a (نُوۡرًا).
[Q10:5] (...هُوَ الَّذِىۡ جَعَلَ الشَّمۡسَ ضِيَآءً وَّالۡقَمَرَ نُوۡرًا)
The Quran also states that the sign of the night has been erased, or obscured. As studied in a previous post, if the moon is observed in its gamma radiation, it turns out to be the brightest object in the sky.
[17:12] (... وَجَعَلۡنَا الَّيۡلَ وَالنَّهَارَ اٰيَتَيۡنِ فَمَحَوۡنَاۤ اٰيَةَ الَّيۡلِ وَجَعَلۡنَاۤ اٰيَةَ النَّهَارِ مُبۡصِرَةً)
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So, the definition of night (لَيْلاً) is darkness. Also, night is characterised by the absence of the nur ( نُورٌ) of the day.
In the Quran, Allah ﷻ is described as the Nur (Q24:35) of the skies and earth. To whom He ﷻ gives Nur, gets Nur, and from whom He ﷻ withholds Nur, no one else besides Him can provide Nur to that person (Q24:40).
Regarding resurrection, the Earth is described as such:
وَمَا قَدَرُوْا اللّٰهَ حَقَّ قَدۡرِهٖ ۖ وَالۡاَرۡضُ جَمِيۡعًا قَبۡضَتُهٗ يَوۡمَ الۡقِيٰمَةِ وَالسَّمٰوٰتُ مَطۡوِيّٰتٌۢ بِيَمِيۡنِهٖ ؕ سُبۡحٰنَهٗ وَتَعٰلٰى عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُوۡنَ ٦٧
No just estimate have they made of Allah, such as is due to Him: On the Day of Judgment the whole of the earth will be but His handful, and the heavens will be rolled up in His right hand: Glory to Him! High is He above the Partners they attribute to Him!
وَنُفِخَ فِى الصُّوۡرِ فَصَعِقَ مَنۡ فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَمَنۡ فِى الۡاَرۡضِ اِلَّا مَنۡ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ ؕ ثُمَّ نُفِخَ فِيۡهِ اُخۡرٰى فَاِذَا هُمۡ قِيَامٌ يَّنۡظُرُوۡنَ ٦٨ وَاَشۡرَقَتِ الۡاَرۡضُ بِنُوۡرِ رَبِّهَا وَوُضِعَ الۡكِتٰبُ وَجِآىْ َٔ بِالنَّبِيّٖنَ وَالشُّهَدَآءِ وَقُضِىَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ بِالۡحَقِّ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُوۡنَ ٦٩ وَوُفِّيَتۡ كُلُّ نَفۡسٍ مَّا عَمِلَتۡ وَهُوَ اَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يَفۡعَلُوۡنَ ٧٠
The Trumpet will (just) be sounded, when all that are in the heavens and on earth will swoon, except such as it will please Allah (to exempt). Then will a second one be sounded, when, behold, they will be standing and looking on! And the Earth will shine with the Glory of its Lord: the Record (of Deeds) will be placed (open); the prophets and the witnesses will be brought forward and a just decision pronounced between them; and they will not be wronged (in the least). And to every soul will be paid in full (the fruit) of its Deeds; and (Allah) knoweth best all that they do.
[Al-Quran 39:67-70, Translation: A. Yusuf Ali]
Surah al-Zalzalah describes the Earth thus:
اِذَا زُلۡزِلَتِ الۡاَرۡضُ زِلۡزَالَهَا ۙ ١ وَاَخۡرَجَتِ الۡاَرۡضُ اَثۡقَالَهَا ۙ ٢ وَقَالَ الۡاِنۡسَانُ مَا لَهَا ۚ ٣ يَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ تُحَدِّثُ اَخۡبَارَهَا ۙ ٤
بِاَنَّ رَبَّكَ اَوۡحٰى لَهَا ؕ ٥ يَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ يَّصۡدُرُ النَّاسُ اَشۡتَاتًا ۙ لِّيُرَوۡا اَعۡمَالَهُمۡؕ ٦ فَمَنۡ يَّعۡمَلۡ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيۡرًا يَّرَهٗ ؕ ٧ وَمَنۡ يَّعۡمَلۡ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَّرَهٗ ٨
When the earth is shaken with its [final] earthquake And the earth discharges its burdens And man says, "What is [wrong] with it?" - That Day, it will report its news
Because your Lord has inspired [i.e., commanded] it. That Day, the people will depart separated [into categories] to be shown [the result of] their deeds. So whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, And whoever does an atom's weight of evil will see it.
[Al-Quran 99:1-8, Translation: Saheeh International]
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Surah al-Zumar mentions the day and night, and follows it by describing our creation:
خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالۡاَرۡضَ بِالۡحَقِّ ۚ يُكَوِّرُ الَّيۡلَ عَلَى النَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَى الَّيۡلِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمۡسَ وَالۡقَمَرَؕ كُلٌّ يَّجۡرِىۡ لِاَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّىؕ اَلَا هُوَ الۡعَزِيۡزُ الۡغَفَّارُ ٥
خَلَقَكُمۡ مِّنۡ نَّفۡسٍ وَّاحِدَةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۡهَا زَوۡجَهَا وَاَنۡزَلَ لَـكُمۡ مِّنَ الۡاَنۡعَامِ ثَمٰنِيَةَ اَزۡوَاجٍ ؕ يَخۡلُقُكُمۡ فِىۡ بُطُوۡنِ اُمَّهٰتِكُمۡ خَلۡقًا مِّنۡۢ بَعۡدِ خَلۡقٍ فِىۡ ظُلُمٰتٍ ثَلٰثٍ ؕ ذٰ لِكُمُ اللّٰهُ رَبُّكُمۡ لَهُ الۡمُلۡكُ ؕ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ ۚ فَاَ نّٰى تُصۡرَفُوۡنَ ٦
He created the heavens and earth in truth. He wraps the night over the day and wraps the day over the night and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running [its course] for a specified term. Unquestionably, He is the Exalted in Might, the Perpetual Forgiver.
He created you from one soul. Then He made from it its mate, and He produced for you from the grazing livestock eight mates. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, within three darknesses. That is Allāh, your Lord; to Him belongs dominion. There is no deity except Him, so how are you averted?
[Al-Quran 39:5-6, Translation: Saheeh International]
The baby in the womb grows within three layers of darkness. The evening and morning twilight are also three zones or shades of darkness and light, overlapping and giving way to the successive shade, depending on whether it is dusk or dawn:
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Gathering of the Night and its Darkness:
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مُخْبِرٌ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، كَانَ يَقُولُ دُلُوكُ الشَّمْسِ إِذَا فَاءَ الْفَىْءُ وَغَسَقُ اللَّيْلِ اجْتِمَاعُ اللَّيْلِ وَظُلْمَتُهُ .
Yahya related to me from Malik that Da'ud ibn al-Husayn said that someone had told him Abdullah ibn Abbas used to say, "Duluk ash-shams begins from when the sun passes the meridian. Ghasaq al-layl is the gathering of the night and its darkness."
Muwatta Malik
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Depths of Darknesses:
اَوۡ كَظُلُمٰتٍ فِىۡ بَحۡرٍ لُّـجّـِىٍّ يَّغۡشٰٮهُ مَوۡجٌ مِّنۡ فَوۡقِهٖ مَوۡجٌ مِّنۡ فَوۡقِهٖ سَحَابٌؕ ظُلُمٰتٌۢ بَعۡضُهَا فَوۡقَ بَعۡضٍؕ اِذَاۤ اَخۡرَجَ يَدَهٗ لَمۡ يَكَدۡ يَرٰٮهَاؕ وَمَنۡ لَّمۡ يَجۡعَلِ اللّٰهُ لَهٗ نُوۡرًا فَمَا لَهٗ مِنۡ نُّوۡرٍ ٤٠
Or [they are] like darknesses within an unfathomable sea which is covered by waves, upon which are waves, over which are clouds - darknesses, some of them upon others. When one puts out his hand [therein], he can hardly see it. And he to whom Allāh has not granted light - for him there is no light.
[Al-Quran 24:40, Translation: Saheeh International]
According to Wikipedia [copied on April 19, 2024]:
The deep sea is broadly defined as the ocean depth where light begins to fade, at an approximate depth of 200 m (660 ft) or the point of transition from continental shelves to continental slopes. Conditions within the deep sea are a combination of low temperatures, darkness, and high pressure. ..
Thanks to Allah that when He was creating the Earth, the first thing He did was bless it with Light (أَمَرَ اللهُ: «لِيَكُنْ نُورٌ». فَصَارَ نُورٌ), at a time when even the surface of the waters were in darkness:
1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.
3 And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
6 And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water.” 7 So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so. 8 God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.
[Genesis 1 1-8, Translation: NIV]
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Last updated on: April 19, 2024
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