And they were not commanded except to worship Allah , [being] sincere to Him in religion, inclining to truth, and to establish prayer and to give zakah. And that is the correct religion. [Al-Quran 98:5]
Disease & Cure - XIII
Abstract
The Quran is a guidance for all humans, but who takes what guidance from it, and when, varies from individual to individual. Most humans have a tendency to become less religious, or even abandon it, when they are in a state of prosperity, or even when opportunity presents itself. Swarming locusts are solitary grasshoppers who change physiologically when the environmental conditions and population densities are favourable for swarming behaviour.
Surah at-Teen informs us that humans were created excellently, and then returned to the lowest of the low. Yet, there is hope for those who believe and do reformative deeds for an uninterrupted reward.
The Quran also contains cure for the believers. However, the same causes loss to the unjust!
The Quran is meant to be recited in the contact prayers, and Surah al-Muzammil specially advises night vigil for protection during the end times.
Surah az-Zumar extensively discusses sincerity in The Deen.
Surah at-Teen informs us that humans were created excellently, and then returned to the lowest of the low. Yet, there is hope for those who believe and do reformative deeds for an uninterrupted reward.
The Quran also contains cure for the believers. However, the same causes loss to the unjust!
The Quran is meant to be recited in the contact prayers, and Surah al-Muzammil specially advises night vigil for protection during the end times.
Surah az-Zumar extensively discusses sincerity in The Deen.
Full Text
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي أَن يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا مَّا بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمْ وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَيَقُولُونَ مَاذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا يُضِلُّ بِهِ كَثِيرًا وَيَهْدِي بِهِ كَثِيرًا وَمَا يُضِلُّ بِهِ إِلَّا الْفَاسِقِينَ
الَّذِينَ يَنقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ مِن بَعْدِ مِيثَاقِهِ وَيَقْطَعُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَن يُوصَلَ وَيُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ
كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَكُنتُمْ أَمْوَاتًا فَأَحْيَاكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ
Indeed, Allah is not timid to present an example - that of a mosquito or what is smaller than it. And those who have believed know that it is the truth from their Lord. But as for those who disbelieve, they say, "What did Allah intend by this as an example?" He misleads many thereby and guides many thereby. And He misleads not except the defiantly disobedient,
Who break the covenant of Allah after contracting it and sever that which Allah has ordered to be joined and cause corruption on earth. It is those who are the losers.
How can you disbelieve in Allah when you were lifeless and He brought you to life; then He will cause you to die, then He will bring you [back] to life, and then to Him you will be returned.
[Al-Quran 2:26, Translation: Sahih International]
Allah has sent The Quran for our guidance. Many people take guidance from The Quran, while many people are led astray by the very same scripture. Q2:26 informs us that it is Allah Himself who guides and misguides with the same revelation, and clarifies that Allah misguides only the defiantly disobedient. Q2:27 defines the الْفَاسِقِينَ (defiantly disobedient), and the next ayat draws attention to our alternate non-living and living states of existence.
Brief History: The Quran then takes us through a brief introduction of Adam's story, his change of state, being sent to Earth, and Allah's promise of sending guidance. Then, we read in detail about the Bani Israel, with whom Allah had ratified a covenant with The Torah. It then takes us back to Allah trying Abraham, and then appointing him an Imam. He prays for imamat to continue in his progeny, and Allah accepts the prayer, while excluding the wrongdoers. Abraham is the father of many nations. The Bani Israel descend from his sons Isaac and Jacob, while the Bani Ismael descend from his son Ismael. Prophet Muhammad is a descendant of Abraham through Ismael. Prophet Abraham had especially prayed that Allah raise a messenger from among them, after he and Ismael had raised the foundations of the Kaaba in Mecca and prayed for the food and security for the land and those who dwell there. Also read: The Torah & The Quran
Guidance for The Living
وَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنبَغِي لَهُ إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرٌ وَقُرْآنٌ مُّبِينٌ
لِّيُنذِرَ مَن كَانَ حَيًّا وَيَحِقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ
And We did not give Prophet Muhammad, knowledge of poetry, nor is it befitting for him. It is not but a message and a clear Qur'an
To warn whoever is alive and justify the word against the disbelievers.
The Quran is sent for those who are alive. A clear difference between non-living and living states of existence is the reading of the code in the DNA. Each cell of the living body has its own copy of the DNA which it reads. Various cells at various stages of development, and function, read from the same DNA, and take appropriate instructions to differentiate, specialise and perform. The cells collectively form the human organism. The Quran is a guidance for all humans, but who takes what guidance from it, and when, varies from individual to individual.
Relief & Good Times -> Ingratitude & Indifference
وَإِذَا أَنْعَمْنَا عَلَى الْإِنسَانِ أَعْرَضَ وَنَأَىٰ بِجَانِبِهِ وَإِذَا مَسَّهُ الشَّرُّ فَذُو دُعَاءٍ عَرِيضٍ
And when We bestow favor upon man, he turns away and distances himself; but when evil touches him, then he is full of extensive supplication.
[Al-Quran 41:51, Translation: Sahih International]
When We bestow Our favour upon man, he turns away and waxes proud; but when a misfortune touches him, he is full of supplication.
[Al-Quran 41:51, Translation: Maududi]
فَإِذَا مَسَّ الْإِنسَانَ ضُرٌّ دَعَانَا ثُمَّ إِذَا خَوَّلْنَاهُ نِعْمَةً مِّنَّا قَالَ إِنَّمَا أُوتِيتُهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ بَلْ هِيَ فِتْنَةٌ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
And when adversity touches man, he calls upon Us; then when We bestow on him a favor from Us, he says, "I have only been given it because of [my] knowledge." Rather, it is a trial, but most of them do not know.
[Al-Quran 39:49, Translation: Sahih International]
Surah al-Jummah records the behaviour of some people in this community of converts when business or entertainment opportunities are available:
وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا انفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا قُلْ مَا عِندَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ اللَّهْوِ وَمِنَ التِّجَارَةِ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ
But when they saw a transaction or a diversion, [O Muhammad], they rushed to it and left you standing. Say, "What is with Allah is better than diversion and than a transaction, and Allah is the best of providers."
[Al-Quran 62:11, Translation: Sahih International]
Earlier in the surah, the example of Jewish people not taking The Torah seriously is compared to:
مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
The example of those who were entrusted with the Torah and then did not take it on is like that of a donkey who carries volumes [of books]. Wretched is the example of the people who deny the signs of Allah . And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.
[Al-Quran 62:5, Translation: Sahih International]
Moral Transformation: from solitary grasshoppers to swarming locusts
فَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ قَالُوا لَنَا هَٰذِهِ وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُ أَلَا إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
وَقَالُوا مَهْمَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِ مِنْ آيَةٍ لِّتَسْحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ وَالْقُمَّلَ وَالضَّفَادِعَ وَالدَّمَ آيَاتٍ مُّفَصَّلَاتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ
But when good came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allah , but most of them do not know.
And they said, "No matter what sign you bring us with which to bewitch us, we will not be believers in you."
So We sent upon them the flood and locusts and lice and frogs and blood as distinct signs, but they were arrogant and were a criminal people.
Swarming locusts are solitary grasshoppers who change physiologically when the environmental conditions and population densities are favourable for swarming behaviour, and then they cause immense damage: devouring crops, devastating food sources and causing widespread famine!
Desert Locust
Image Attribution
By Compton Tucker, NASA GSFC - An Insect’s Alter Ego,
Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=526037
According to available research, this physiological transformation is brought about by a surge in serotonin, sometimes known as the happy chemical, as it is associated with happiness and wellbeing. This change is caused by the tactile stimulation of the hind legs in crowds.
The flourishing ancient Egyptian civilisation, which was probably the mightiest world power then, are described in Q7:133 as arrogant and criminal. One can draw parallels between their behaviour and that of serotonin-intoxicated locusts.
As regards their omen being with them, please see these posts: Fate, Deeds, Omens & The Mercy of Allah || Our Record in Our Neck
Resurrection like Locusts
وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُم مِّنَ الْأَنبَاءِ مَا فِيهِ مُزْدَجَرٌ
وَحِكْمَةٌ بَالِغَةٌ فَمَا تُغْنِ النُّذُرُ
فَتَوَلَّ عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَ يَدْعُ الدَّاعِ إِلَىٰ شَيْءٍ نُّكُرٍ
خُشَّعًا أَبْصَارُهُمْ يَخْرُجُونَ مِنَ الْأَجْدَاثِ كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ
مُّهْطِعِينَ إِلَى الدَّاعِ يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُونَ هَٰذَا يَوْمٌ عَسِرٌ
And there has already come to them of information that in which there is deterrence -
Extensive wisdom - but warning does not avail [them].
So leave them, [O Muhammad]. The Day the Caller calls to something forbidding,
Their eyes humbled, they will emerge from the graves as if they were locusts spreading,
Racing ahead toward the Caller. The disbelievers will say, "This is a difficult Day."
Surah al-Qamar compares resurrection of billions of humans emerging from their graves to locusts spreading. When a nymph is born, it is wingless. It can be solitary or gregarious, or even change from solitary to gregarious later in life. In other places in The Quran, we learn that the criminals will lose their nafs and their families on the Day of Judgment, while the successful will be reunited with the successful among their ancestors, spouses and progeny, and will be able to ascend to the Gardens of Eternity, while some will have to wait, and many will enter Hell forever. Ayaat and links in these post: Authorised to Fly || Until The Camel Passes Through The Eye Of The Needle || Fuel of Hell: Humans and Stones
فَاعْبُدُوا مَا شِئْتُم مِّن دُونِهِ قُلْ إِنَّ الْخَاسِرِينَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَلَا ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ الْمُبِينُ
So worship what you will besides Him." Say, "Indeed, the losers are the ones who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. Unquestionably, that is the manifest loss."
[Al-Quran 39:15, Translation: Sahih International]
Alternate Form of Creation
The Quran informs us that the violators of the Sabbath were turned into apes. There is scientific evidence which supports this devolution. Ayaat and links in the post: Wronging the Nafs
The Quran also tells us that we will be resurrected in alternate form. Ayaat and links in the post: Alternate Biochemistry
The Quran also tells us that we will be resurrected in alternate form. Ayaat and links in the post: Alternate Biochemistry
The Metamorphosis of Adam
Surah at-Teen informs us that humans were created excellently, and then returned to the lowest of the low. Yet, there is hope for those who believe and do reformative deeds for an uninterrupted reward. Ayaat and links in the post: Evolution or Metamorphosis || Adam's Attempt to Improve upon Allah's Creation || Natural Clothing
Al-Quran: Shifa for The Believers
وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مَا هُوَ شِفَاءٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَا يَزِيدُ الظَّالِمِينَ إِلَّا خَسَارًا
And We send down of the Qur'an that which is healing and mercy for the believers, but it does not increase the wrongdoers except in loss.
[Al-Quran 17:82, Translation: Sahih International]
The Quran is meant to be recited in the contact prayers, and Surah al-Muzammil specially advises night vigil for protection during the end times.
Ayaat and links in these post:
Prayer & Remembrance of God
The Quran, the Pharaoh, Exodus and the Promised Day!
From ancient ruins, researchers are discovering that the ancients were using advanced sound technology, in building and in the purpose those buildings served, and The Quran also hints at it:
أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ لَهُمْ كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ الْقُرُونِ يَمْشُونَ فِي مَسَاكِنِهِمْ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ أَفَلَا يَسْمَعُونَ
Has it not become clear to them how many generations We destroyed before them, [as] they walk among their dwellings? Indeed in that are signs; then do they not hear?
[Al-Quran 32:26, Translation: Sahih International]
Emerging communication and related technologies are making extensive use sound technologies, and are being made widely available. Even the most illiterate person is now equipped with communication devices. From Surah al-Kahf, we learn that one of the protection provided to the people who were hiding in the cave is that their hearing was prevented. A bit on this at: People of the Cave. It is believed that recitation of Surah al-Kahf will be a protection for the believers when the Dajjal (Anti-Christ) appears. The disbelievers try to use sonic and electromagnetic wavelengths to achieve their purposes, while it is Allah to whom all power truly belongs! He creates with His Words, and has written the code of life in the double helix, shaping creation as He wills; He flings the thunderbolts, and is sustaining the entire creation. Allah is in full control of everything, be it any form of matter, or energy, or something else. Just as Allah has sent The Quran, similarly He promises to send a minor punishment in the form of a smoke from the sky engulfing humans:
بَلْ هُمْ فِي شَكٍّ يَلْعَبُونَ
فَارْتَقِبْ يَوْمَ تَأْتِي السَّمَاءُ بِدُخَانٍ مُّبِينٍ
يَغْشَى النَّاسَ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
رَّبَّنَا اكْشِفْ عَنَّا الْعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤْمِنُونَ
But they are in doubt, amusing themselves.
Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke.
Covering the people; this is a painful torment.
[They will say], "Our Lord, remove from us the torment; indeed, we are believers."
And then in ayat 15, it goes on to state:
إِنَّا كَاشِفُو الْعَذَابِ قَلِيلًا إِنَّكُمْ عَائِدُونَ
يَوْمَ نَبْطِشُ الْبَطْشَةَ الْكُبْرَىٰ إِنَّا مُنتَقِمُونَ
Indeed, We will remove the torment for a little. Indeed, you [disbelievers] will return [to disbelief].
The Day We will strike with the greatest assault, indeed, We will take retribution.
Pilgrimage
وَإِذْ جَعَلْنَا الْبَيْتَ مَثَابَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَأَمْنًا وَاتَّخِذُوا مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ أَن طَهِّرَا بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْعَاكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ
And [mention] when We made the House a place of return for the people and [a place of] security. And take, [O believers], from the standing place of Abraham a place of prayer. And We charged Abraham and Ishmael, [saying], "Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf and those who are staying [there] for worship and those who bow and prostrate [in prayer]."
[Al-Quran 2:125, Translation: Sahih International]
Masabatun (مَثَابَةً) is generally translated as a place of return, or something similar in meaning. It shares its root (ث و ب) with words meaning reward and garments. Sarah al-Kahf presents a beautiful link between garments as reward in:
أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهِمُ الْأَنْهَارُ يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ مِن ذَهَبٍ وَيَلْبَسُونَ ثِيَابًا خُضْرًا مِّن سُندُسٍ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍ مُّتَّكِئِينَ فِيهَا عَلَى الْأَرَائِكِ نِعْمَ الثَّوَابُ وَحَسُنَتْ مُرْتَفَقًا
Those will have gardens of perpetual residence; beneath them rivers will flow. They will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and will wear green garments of fine silk and brocade, reclining therein on adorned couches. Excellent is the reward, and good is the resting place.
[Al-Quran 18:31, Translation: Sahih International]
In the pilgrimage ayaat 2:200-210, we read two invocations and their outcomes:
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُم مَّنَاسِكَكُمْ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَذِكْرِكُمْ آبَاءَكُمْ أَوْ أَشَدَّ ذِكْرًا فَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَن يَقُولُ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَمَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلَاقٍ
وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَقُولُ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا كَسَبُوا وَاللَّهُ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
And when you have completed your rites, remember Allah like your [previous] remembrance of your fathers or with [much] greater remembrance. And among the people is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world," and he will have in the Hereafter no share.
But among them is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire."
Those will have a share of what they have earned, and Allah is swift in account.
Sincerity (Ikhlas) in Deen (Law of Recompense)
Surah az-Zumar extensively discusses sincerity in The Deen:
Worshipping Allah alone means keeping The Divine Law. The Quran defines the three laws as:
قُلْ يَا عِبَادِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمْ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا فِي هَٰذِهِ الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةٌ وَأَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةٌ إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُم بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
قُلْ إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ مُخْلِصًا لَّهُ الدِّينَ
وَأُمِرْتُ لِأَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
قُلْ إِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّي عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
قُلِ اللَّهَ أَعْبُدُ مُخْلِصًا لَّهُ دِينِي
فَاعْبُدُوا مَا شِئْتُم مِّن دُونِهِ قُلْ إِنَّ الْخَاسِرِينَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَلَا ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْخُسْرَانُ الْمُبِينُ
لَهُم مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ النَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ذَٰلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ اللَّهُ بِهِ عِبَادَهُ يَا عِبَادِ فَاتَّقُونِ
وَالَّذِينَ اجْتَنَبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ أَن يَعْبُدُوهَا وَأَنَابُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَىٰ فَبَشِّرْ عِبَادِ
الَّذِينَ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقَوْلَ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ أَحْسَنَهُ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمْ أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ
Say, "O My servants who have believed, fear your Lord. For those who do good in this world is good, and the earth of Allah is spacious. Indeed, the patient will be given their reward without account."
Say, [O Muhammad], "Indeed, I have been commanded to worship Allah , [being] sincere to Him in religion.
And I have been commanded to be the first [among you] of the Muslims."
Say, "Indeed I fear, if I should disobey my Lord, the punishment of a tremendous Day."
Say, " Allah [alone] do I worship, sincere to Him in my religion,
So worship what you will besides Him." Say, "Indeed, the losers are the ones who will lose themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. Unquestionably, that is the manifest loss."
They will have canopies of fire above them and below them, canopies. By that Allah threatens His servants. O My servants, then fear Me.
But those who have avoided Taghut, lest they worship it, and turned back to Allah - for them are good tidings. So give good tidings to My servants
Who listen to speech and follow the best of it. Those are the ones Allah has guided, and those are people of understanding.
Worshipping Allah alone means keeping The Divine Law. The Quran defines the three laws as:
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أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَا نَزَلَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَلَا يَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِن قَبْلُ فَطَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَمَدُ فَقَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ
Has the time not come for those who have believed that their hearts should become humbly submissive at the remembrance of Allah and what has come down of the truth? And let them not be like those who were given the Scripture before, and a long period passed over them, so their hearts hardened; and many of them are defiantly disobedient.
[Al-Quran 57:16, Translation: Sahih International]
References & Links
DNA
Genetic code
Grasshopper
Locust
Serotonin
National Geographic: Locusts
YouTube: Incredible Example of Locusts in The Quran
Swarm Of Locusts DEVOUR Everything In Their Path | Planet Earth | BBC Earth
Archaeoacoustics in ancient sites
Sacred Sounds, Sacred Places: The Harmonic Earth
National Geographic: Ancient Maya Temples Were Giant Loudspeakers?
World Pilgrimage Guide
Sound Tourism
Last updated on: May 21, 2020
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