[Al-Quran 50:6-8] Have they not looked at the heaven above them - how We structured it and adorned it and how it has no rifts? And the earth - We spread it out and cast therein firmly set mountains and made grow therein [something] of every beautiful kind, Giving insight and a reminder for every servant who turns [to Allah].

Monday, May 12, 2014

Until The Camel Passes Through The Eye Of The Needle

Matthew 19:24 And again I say to you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God."
Mark 10:25 It is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God."
Luke 18:25 Indeed, it is easier for a camel to pass through an eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God."  


إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَاسْتَكْبَرُوا عَنْهَا لَا تُفَتَّحُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّىٰ يَلِجَ الْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ الْخِيَاطِ ۚ وَكَذَ‌ٰلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُجْرِمِينَ

Indeed, those who denied Our Verses and (were) arrogant towards them, (will) not be opened for them (the) doors (of) the heaven, and not they will enter Paradise until passes the camel through (the) eye (of) the needle. And thus We recompense the criminals.  
A few ayaat later, the men on heights are mentioned, who would be hopeful of ascending into the Gardens of Heaven, while also looking at the people in the Fire of Hell, praying that they be spared of that dreadful fate. Eventually, they will be granted entry into the Gardens of Eternity through the Mercy of Allah  (Q7:49). 
[Al-Quran 7:46-56] And between them (will be) a partition, and on the heights (will be) men recognizing all by their marks. And they will call out (to the) companions (of) Paradise that "Peace (be) upon you." Not they have entered it but they hope. And when are turned their eyes towards (the) companions (of) the Fire, they (will) say, "Our Lord! (Do) not place us with the people - the wrongdoers." And (will) call out (the) companions (of) the heights (to) men whom they recognize by their marks saying, "Not (has) availed [to] you your gathering and what you were arrogant (about)." Are these the ones whom you had sworn that Allah (will) not grant them Mercy? "Enter Paradise. (There will be) no fear upon you and not you will grieve." And (will) call out (the) companions (of) the Fire (to the) companions (of) Paradise [that], "Pour upon us [of] (some) water or of what Allah has provided you." They (will) say, "Indeed, Allah has forbidden both to the disbelievers, Those who took their religion (as) an amusement and play and deluded them the life (of) the world." So today We forget them as they forgot (the) meeting (of) this Day of theirs, and [what] (as) they used to reject Our Verses. And certainly We had brought (to) them a Book which We have explained with knowledge - a guidance and mercy for a people who believe. Do they wait except (for) its fulfillment (The) Day (will) come its fulfillment, will say those who had forgotten it before, "Verily had come (the) Messengers (of) our Lord with the truth, so are (there) for us any intercessors so (that) they intercede for us or we are sent back so (that) we do (deeds) other than that which we used to do." Verily, they lost themselves, and strayed from them what they used to invent. Indeed, your Lord (is) Allah the One Who created the heavens and the earth in six epochs, then He ascended on the Throne. He covers the night (with) the day seeking it rapidly and the sun and the moon and the stars - subjected by His command. Unquestionably for Him (is) the creation and the command, blessed (is) Allah, Lord (of) the worlds. Call upon your Lord humbly and privately. Indeed, He (does) not love the transgressors. And (do) not cause corruption in the earth after its reformation. And call Him (in) fear and hope. Indeed, (the) Mercy of Allah (is) near for the good-doers. 

Interpretation
A future event, generally understood by translators as an impossibility, something that will never happen, is the mention of the camel passing through the eye of the needle. Why would an impossible event be mentioned in The Quran, when it could simply have been stated that it will never happen? Perhaps, in some very distant future, the camel may reduce in size and become tiny enough to pass through the eye of the needle! 

Evolution and Devolution
Similar to the Big Bang and Big Crunch theory in Cosmology, biologists study the theories of Evolution and Devolution. Big Bang tries to theorize the beginning of the Universe, and Evolution theorizes about the beginning of living things. Similarly, Big Crunch is a theory about how the expansion of the Universe will halt, and then contraction will begin, leading to a return to the singularity from which the Big Bang started. Similarly, Devolution is about species reverting to their earlier forms.
Considering the reversibility of the Arrow of Time according to the fundamental Laws of Physics, it is postulated that[1] ‘if someone knew the paths of all the particles in the universe and flipped them around, energy would accumulate rather than disperse: Tepid coffee would spontaneously heat up, buildings would rise from their rubble and sunlight would slink back into the sun.’
According to Wikipedia[2], the earliest known camel was about the size of a rabbit. Over time, it has evolved in height. Non-conclusive evidence for devolution has been observed in Seattle fish and reported in National Geographic[3].
Reversibility of creation, both living and non-living is not an impossibility rather plausible. In Quran(36:68), we read that: And he to whom We grant long life We reverse in creation; so will they not understand?[4]

Time-Bound?
Perhaps the Hereafter is also not eternal, and will eventually come to an end or change. An interesting point to note is that the word ‘khaliduna’, generally translated as eternal or forever, has been used for the length of time that humans will abide in the Garden or the Fire. The same word has not been used anywhere in relation to God, who we believe is eternal, i.e. without beginning and without end.  For God, the only word implying eternal that has been used is ‘as-Samad’ which has been used only once and exclusively for God in the Qur’an 112:2

And Allah ﷻ knows best!
Related Posts: 



[1] Time’s Arrow Traced to Quantum Source By : Natalie Wolchover April 1 6, 2014, Quanta Magazine, Simonsfoundation.org
[4] Translation by Sahih International 


Last updated on November 20, 2022



Sunday, May 11, 2014

Ant Communication

Abstract
The Quran 27:18 quotes a female ant at the approach of King Solomon and his forces. This study looks at what science has discovered about the ability of ants to apprehend and communicate, and the organisation and chain of command of ant communities.  


Full Text
The Holy Quran, Chapter:27 Verse:18

حَتَّىٰ إِذَا أَتَوْا عَلَىٰ وَادِ النَّمْلِ قَالَتْ نَمْلَةٌ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّمْلُ ادْخُلُوا مَسَاكِنَكُمْ لَا يَحْطِمَنَّكُمْ سُلَيْمَانُ وَجُنُودُهُ وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ
[Quran 27:18] Till, when they reached the Valley of the Ants, an (female) ant exclaimed: O ants! Enter your dwellings lest Solomon and his armies crush you, unperceiving.

Interpretation 
Do ants live in colonies? What is the role of female ants?
Ants form colonies that range in size from a few dozen predatory individuals living in small natural cavities to highly organised colonies that may occupy large territories and consist of millions of individuals. Larger colonies consist mostly of sterile, wingless females forming castes of "workers", "soldiers", or other specialised groups. Nearly all ant colonies also have some fertile males called "drones" and one or more fertile females called "queens". The colonies sometimes are described as superorganisms because the ants appear to operate as a unified entity, collectively working together to support the colony.
Do ants communicate through speech?
Ants communicate with each other using pheromones, sounds, and touch... Some ants produce sounds by stridulation, using the gaster segments and their mandibles. Sounds may be used to communicate with colony members or with other species.
... The results support the hypothesis that leaf-cutting ant workers stridulate during cutting in order to recruit nestmates, and that the observed mechanical facilitation of stridulation is an epiphenomenon of recruitment communication.

Also see: http://www.quran-m.com/firas/en1/index.php/life-sciences/159-the-miracle-in-ants.html

Honey Bee

[Quran 16:68-69]

وَأَوْحَىٰ رَبُّكَ إِلَى النَّحْلِ أَنِ اتَّخِذِي مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا وَمِنَ الشَّجَرِ وَمِمَّا يَعْرِشُونَ
68 And inspired your Lord to the Bee that "Take [second person female singular] among the mountains houses, and among the trees, and in what they construct [1]
ثُمَّ كُلِي مِن كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ فَاسْلُكِي سُبُلَ رَبِّكِ ذُلُلًا ۚ يَخْرُجُ مِن بُطُونِهَا شَرَابٌ مُّخْتَلِفٌ أَلْوَانُهُ فِيهِ شِفَاءٌ لِّلنَّاسِ ۗ إِنَّ فِي ذَ‌ٰلِكَ لَآيَةً لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
69 Then/ Moreover eat [second person feminine singular] from all the fruits, and follow [second person female singular imperative] ways/paths, of your Lord, made smooth." Comes forth, from her/their [singular feminine pronoun[2]] bellies [plural], a drink of varying colours. In it is a healing for the mankind. Indeed, in that,  surely a sign for people who reflect. [3] 

Interpretation
Why is the Bee being referenced in feminine gender?
According to an article on National Geographic, ‘Worker honeybees are all females and are the only bees most people ever see. They forage for food and build and protect the hive, among many other societal functions.’ [4]

Why does it say ‘eat from all fruits’ when honey bees drink nectar from flowers?
According to Lane's Lexicon[5] [Page 352, Root s-m-r, 4], the word lends itself also to the meanings of 'attained the time of bearing fruit', which, I assume, is the flowering season, in which pollination occurs leading to fruit development. 

Also there are a few pages on the web claiming sightings of honey bees feeding on some fruits, however I haven’t been able to find any scholarly article or credible publication confirming this on the web.

Does a honey bee have three or more stomachs?
In Arabic grammar, there are three number forms of a noun: the singular, the dual and the plural form. In the verses under study here, the word for stomach: butun [16:69:12] is in plural form. Hence, it implies that there must be at least three stomachs. According to scientific findings, the honey bee’s stomach is indeed divided in three distinct sections:

‘Food enters through the esophagus and enters the crop (aka honey stomach).
Most digestion and absorption occurs in the midgut (a.k.a. small intestine).
 The small intestine opens to the rectum through which waste is expelled.’ [6]

‘The crop and proventriculus make up what is referred to as the fore-gut while the ventriculus (stomach) and pyloric valve constitute what is otherwise known as the mid-gut. The small intestine and rectum form the region called the hind-gut. Each organ plays an integral role in digestion, absorption, and excrement.’  [7] [8]

How does the honey bee find its way?
‘Each lens is sensitive to ultraviolet light, which can reveal markings on flowers that are invisible to humans but inform the bees where to land in order to find nectar.’ [9] 

What are the benefits of honey?
 Scientists disagree over the medical benefits of honey. However, ‘The health effects of honey have long been noted. The nutritional and medicinal qualities of honey have been documented in Vedic, Greek, Roman, Christian, Islamic and other texts. Physicians of ancient times, such as Aristotle (384–322 BC), Aristoxenus (320 BC) Hippocrates, Porphyry, Cornelius Celsus (early first century AD) and Dioscorides (c. 50 AD), and Arab physicians have referred to the healing qualities of honey.’ [10]

How long have humans been benefiting from bees?
At least 9000 years, according to National Geographic:  
http://theplate.nationalgeographic.com/2015/11/12/clay-fragments-suggest-how-long-weve-been-relying-on-honeybees/
https://www.facebook.com/natgeo/videos/10153576547098951/ 



[2] In Arabic grammar, the singular feminine pronoun is used to refer to singular female, as well as a pronoun for non-human plurals. Here it may be referring to the singular Bee or to the honey of varying colours produced by various bees, hence the translation as her/their
[10] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_honey 


Last updated on: April 20, 2016